The DS220+ comes with a two-year warranty, and Synology offers various support options, including tutorials, email support, and browser-based text chat. {"@type": "Thing", "name": "network", "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_network"}, For those of you who are guessing about the name, yes, Asustor is an offshoot of AsusTek, the computer hardware manufacturer. For example, if you click on the File Services tab in the DiskStation Manager control panel, it displays the key command you need to access the file share on your PC (DS220plus) or Mac (smb://DS220plus). Youll welcome that processor's speed when copying lots of files, streaming videos, or performing multiple backups simultaneously. Store live streams on your NAS Overwhelming 4K experience 2GB DDR4-2400 - 30% faster than DDR3 2. We tested the Asustor AS5202T two-bay NAS and the Asustor AS5304T four-bay NAS and compared them with the latest from Synology and QNAP. The 4-bay NAS has powerful hardware and gives you great value for your money. Getting the button working how you want takes a little effort, but Synologys guide should help you configure the feature. If youre considering the QNAP TS-451D2 be cautious of which model you tick the box on. Very few NAS devices prompt you to change or reset the admin passworddoing so, however, is a crucial security step, because the NAS connects to the internet and is thus a ripe target for threats. . For better or worse, instead of having one big app with tons of features, Synology takes a piecemeal approach to its mobile apps. It also supports the Btrfs file system, which offers a few notable advantages. SEE TERRAMASTER F5-422 @ AMAZON (FROM $599.99). Asustor Drivestor 2 Pro AS3302T. GOATWD These affordable devices allow any renter to smarten their place up. Comparison of expert ratings Highly Recommended Recommended Bitcatcha's content is reader-supported. At a glance, its design is not like the typical Synology design. We measure NAS performance by timing read and write speeds while transferring a 4.9GB folder containing a mix of music, video, photo, and office document files between the NAS and a desktop PC connected to the same network. Share Mail : : : . As with most of the NAS operating systems we tested, the DiskStation Manager interface includes a pop-out dashboard widget that gives you an overview of the NASs drive health, as well as its processor and memory usage. You get quick access to every package you install with DiskStation Managers drop-down menu. Overall, the features are complete enough and they will be able to meet your needs. In this article, we will discuss them further focusing on their designs and features. Synology NAS is created by Synology Inc. Remote access is fine, but theres not much else you can do with this model. The main reason you're buying this NAS is for the software. Get set for your future data growth. Given the advanced hardware available on NAS devices, you need to know what you want to use it for when considering which to buy. QNAP VS Synology QNAP VS Synology: Operating System If your NAS plans are more about storing a lot of data or a huge media library than working on mission-critical files or tasks, if our upgrade pick is out of stock, or even if you simply prefer the Synology administrator interface over QNAPs, the Synology DiskStation DS420+ is another solid choice in the four-bay NAS category. Asustor AS5202T Asustor AS4004T Asustor AS3204T . Today memory has a more prominent position, allowing NAS units to house entire virtual machines (VMs). We also received an email notification at the address wed set up previously. I just bought a 6604 from Asustor and I'm looking forward to see how it compares. In contrast, Synology and QNAP have centralized security-update pages that are, to us, more transparent when youre trying to stay ahead of specific public threats like the new versions of the QSnatch malware and QLocker ransomware. You can add up to 64TB of storage via the four drive bays, and the DS920+ excels at 4K transcoding. >> See the latest pricing for Synology DS218+ on Amazon <<, See also: Asustor AS5304T vs Asustor AS6404T Review: Pros and Cons. As with DiskStation Manager, its a good idea to check out the live demo of QTS before you buy so you can see how it works. You get two USB 3.0 ports as well, and you can plug in a USB drive or an external drive and easily transfer its contents over to the NAS. They have also sought to combine the best of many worlds, such as opening access to Synology BTRFS and high-capacity LAN ports seen in QNAP and TerraMaster devices. Some still ship with 1 GB of RAM or less. 8GB 2x 2.5GbE (Our runner-up, the QNAP TS-251D, uses a similar Celeron processor running at the same base speed and either 2 GB or 4 GB of RAM.) When you buy through our links, we may earn a commission. Even though there is no specialty of the design, everyone will not be disappointed with it. For instance, the F5-422 has an extra memory slot to spare and a more powerful processor. Started 38 minutes ago It supports HTTPS for remote access, TLS or SSL secure connections, and two-factor authentication. For home users, the QNAP TS-253D, Asustor AS5202T might be a better, more future-proof fit. Theres also the confusingly named Cloud Sync package, which allows you to sync or back up specific folders or your entire NAS to various cloud platforms, such as Amazon Drive, Amazon Web Services, Backblaze, Dropbox, Microsoft Azure, and Openstack, which makes creating redundant off-site backups very easy. You get a similar set of software features as the DS220+ as it also runs DSM 7.0, making the DS220j a fantastic choice if you're in the market for a budget-focused NAS. Dive into the world of selling online - successfully! Setting them up may also require more technical knowledge than it would take to use DAS units. The one shortcoming is the lack of NVME support. I'm partial to those, and the Netgear NAS, myself. gffermari said: I'm thinking of buying a NAS to store family photos etc. The QNAP TS-251D-4G-US is a good choice if the DS220+ is out of stock or if you want to display media on a TV. A NAS should detect a new drive and automatically re-create the mirrored array. I just don't know which to pick. A second Gigabit Ethernet port in the back allows the DS220+ to use link aggregation, if your router supports that function. Although both of them were competitive on our performance tests, included dual 2.5 GbE ports, and had longer, three-year warranties, the Asustor models ADM administration interface wasnt quite as polished. You can do so on any of the NAS devices we tested by going into the user settings in the interface. Right now, that includes models from Asustor, Drobo, Netgear, Noontec, QNAP, Seagate, Synology, Thecus, WD, and Zyxel. You may unsubscribe from the newsletters at any time. We used a Kill A Watt EZ to test the power consumption on each NAS when it was performing a task (such as a file copy), when it was idle, and when it had its energy-saving options enabled. This brand even has released some series including, Read More Synology NVR1218 vs Synology NVR216 Review: Pros and ConsContinue, Are you on the market for a Network Attached Storage solution and torn between Synology DS218+ vs. Synology DS118? Synology DS220+ 2 Bay NAS Enclosure,Black,2GB #1 Best Seller . asustor as5202t vs synology ds220+ By September 9, 2020 Uncategorized. Since NAS units are attached to network devices, the interface between the two can be a choke point for data. Some detail in the hardware specs reinforces the made for home use assumption. I won't juggle hard drives to store or find stuff anymore, it'll all be in one location, all my music, pictures, videos, etc. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Started 52 minutes ago The brand did raise a slight stink with the SMR-drive debacle but is still a good choice for reliable storage. It uses Intel's Advanced Encryption Standard engine to help protect your data and has a built-in 10-bit 4K video-transcoding engine for smooth video streaming via the HDMI port when used with one of the many available media server apps. To view current prices, click on the various product links. Quality Network Appliance Provider sounds a bit cliche, probably why they typically present themselves simply as QNAP. If youre looking for a NAS to use for anything except running VMs, the TS-451D2-4G is ideal. SEE TERRAMASTER F2-221 @ AMAZON (FROM $249.99). The single-bay NAS holds up to 16TB, you get Gigabit Ethernet connectivity, a USB 2.0 port for plugging in a USB drive, and it runs quietly. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. The biggest reason for me to go for Synology would be DSM.. Synology supports EXT4, which is the file system used by Linux platforms around the world. However, like most computing devices, they have some unique characteristics. RAM plays a valuable role by providing fast storage to cache data, improving performance. If you don't want to fill up the NAS just yet, the ideal drive option for the DS920+ is the 8TB IronWolf. If youre considering either four-bay NAS for casual home use and dont have a software preference, choose the less expensive one. With Synologys apps, we were able to play several 1080p MKV files on various devices over 802.11ac Wi-Fi without issue, but when we tried the same with three different 4K movie trailers, they were all unwatchable due to stuttering. When you first set up a NAS, it prompts you to log in to its interface via a browser, typically with the admin account and no password. The baby blue casing wont fit most traditional office spaces well, but thankfully, the small form factor means you can hide it away easily. Because a NAS is almost always on, place it in a location that doesnt get too hot, and ensure that it gets sufficient airflowconfirm that the back panel has a few inches of clearance so as not to obstruct the exhaust fan. Since NAS devices have so many advanced components, prices are correspondingly higher compared to DAS. As with Wi-Fi 6 and 6E, NAS manufacturers are promoting the latest fast technology, in the formof 2.5, 5, and 10 Gigabit Ethernet (aka 2.5 GbE and so on). Its not as fast at writing files as the QNAP TS-451D2-4G, but it still has the storage potential and performance for storing and viewing thousands of hours of video or a similarly massive photo library. This type of external storage falls under the Direct Attached Storage, or DAS category. The NAS comes with two 2.5Gbps ports, and you also get an HDMI port, giving you the ability to plug the NAS into your TV. If necessary, you can bump up the RAM to 6GB. Itll do well, for instance, at managing backups, file sharing, or even media streaming. I haven't used this model myself, but it is identical to the DS220j albeit with one drive bay. The DiskStation DS120j is the most affordable way to get into Synology's extensive NAS portfolio. Oh, and it looks pretty cool. Another very good NAS for most home users, More storage space and server functionality, Another great four-bay NAS: Synology DiskStation DS420+, Plex transcoding currently requires a lot of CPU power, Offline Transcoding feature in Video Station, Seagate Personal Cloud 2-Bay Home Media Storage Device, The Gear to Get Reliable Wi-Fi in Any Home, The Best Tech and Apps for Your Home Office, How to Build an Apple-Based Smart Home System With the Best HomeKit Devices. an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. {"@type": "Thing", "name": "model", "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_model"}, If a drive fails and the NAS doesnt produce a notification, youre at risk of data loss if the second drive also fails. One typical example of a DAS unit is a portable hard drive that plugs into the USB port of a PC or laptop. If you prefer to use Plex, you will not have access to the hardware transcoding features, since Plexs transcoding is CPU-bound and NAS devices in this price range just dont have the horsepower to do that. While single-drive NAS units exist, it is more common to go for those with at least 2-bays for redundancy. The Synology DiskStation DS220+ is the best two-bay home NAS for most people. If you want to give someone the ability to upload files to the NAS, give that user account write permissions as well as read permissions. "@type": "WebPage", {"@type": "Thing", "name": "case", "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_case"}, The AS4002T is showing slight aging since its an older model on this list. Find out more about how we test. At first glance, NAS devices seem like a collection of similar technical specifications. This Synology NAS used about 3 watts while in power-saving mode, compared with the QNAPs 7 watts and the Asustors 6 watts. Synology DS218+ looks better but Asustor AS5202T can also be a good idea because of some reasons. QNAP stays true to the hardware focus for which many Taiwanese companies are known. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. Aside from the make and model, you also have to consider how many drives you want your NAS to support. That extra memory, expandable to 8 GB, also allows the TS-451D2-4G to run server-side apps while reading and writing files. I have no comparative experience with Synology but haven't found the Asustors hard to work with. Although that isnt necessarily a bad thing, especially since the WD My Cloud Home Duo doesnt support encryption of any kind, it is unfortunate that you cant adjust those settings in exchange for a speed boost when youre in a secure environment. After a research, i am between the products mentioned in the title. If the Synology DS220+ is out of stock or if its price jumps significantly higher, the QNAP TS-251D-4G-US is an excellent alternative. If you want a NAS with an HDMI port to connect directly to your TV, the AS6604T is a fantastic choice. Use the File Explorer icon to manage files and folders on the internal drives and any connected external drives and to mount CIFS (Common Internet file system) folders, and use the Services icon to join a network workgroup, enable SAMBA, CFIS, and Mac file services, enable SNMP network monitoring, and enable Web Server functionality. Starts from its design, this device comes with a compact design. Anyway, what makes it interesting is not the outside design. If you only need your NAS to store data and do simple backups, processing power isnt a significant consideration. Like the DS220+, the two-bay TS-251D-4G-US uses RAID 1 to mirror data across disks, and in our tests, when we pulled out a drive, it adequately reported drive failure by beeping several times and sending a notification to the email address wed set up ahead of time. Large file transfers were 65% faster, while lots of smaller music files copied from the laptop to the NAS 33% faster. Because most NAS devices ship diskless, you have to provide and install your own drives. NAS devices can technically support most brands and models of hard drives. This dual-bay NAS comes equipped with Intel Celeron J4025 dual-core processor, 2 GB DDR4 RAM, and dual GbE LAN ports that support Link Aggregation and Failover. Features This capacity is more than enough to store your important data. Youre also required to use the WD Discovery software to mount a user directory on the My Cloud Home Duo, and it needs an internet connection to do so, for some reason. {"@type": "Thing", "name": "offices", "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office"} Note that if you enable any media server functions, power-saving features wont work because the NAS needs to be available all the time; you have to disable media servers and a handful of other similar services, such as cloud access and the mail server, if you want the power-saving mode to work. A NAS is great if you have a large media library, because you can store your files in one place and stream them locally to computers, phones, tablets, speakers, or media centers throughout your house (or even outside it). Since 2015, weve tested a lot of NAS devices, including many that are now discontinued, such as the Asustor AS-202TE, Asustor AS-5002T, QNAP TS-231P2, QNAP TS-251, QNAP TS-251A, Seagate Personal Cloud 2-Bay Home Media Storage Device, Synology BeyondCloud Mirror, Synology DiskStation DS214, Synology DiskStation DS216, Synology DiskStation DS216play, Synology DiskStation DS216+II, and WD My Cloud EX2. The TS-251D-4G-US is about as fast as the DS220+ and adds an HDMI port and a few more USB ports for extra connectivity. Both the DS220+ and the TS-251D-4G-US are fast for home file-storage and background tasks such as backing up your family's laptops, downloading torrents, and automatically transcoding videos from a queue. Every NAS we recommend supports Plex, which works great if your box is connected directly to your display via HDMI or if your videos dont need transcoding to stream to your devices. The second is what third-party applications can run on the NAS you choose. So, it can be used easily even by first-time users. It was founded in 2011 to be the storage-specialized arm of Asus and has been doing a roaring business since then. I'd suggest going with the latest DiskStation DS723+, but if you need a budget model or are looking to get more drive bays, I've outlined several home servers down below. SEE ASUSTOR AS4002T @ AMAZON (FROM $325.99). Pritom Das You can also turn the DS220+ on and off according to a schedule, and it supports Wake-on-LAN and multiple fan-speed modes, the latter of which can help reduce the overall noise of the DS220+. We used Windows 10s built-in Robocopy file-copying tool to read and write three datasets to each NAS: a 32 GB music folder with 6,154 MP3 files, as well as a folder with two large files, an 8.1 GB MKV file and a 7.07 GB Linux ISO file. Ive been working with computers for ages, starting with a multi-year stint in purchasing for a major IBM reseller in New York City before eventually landing at PCMag (back when it was still in print as PC Magazine). Today, these are likely to be portable drives you can connect to with a USB cable. The AS5202T comes with two Gigabytes of DDR4 RAM and can be upgraded up to 8GB. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. This device is designed not to have 1GbE ports but it comes with 2.5GbE ports. Dont match NAS price with standard storage expansion youre paying for flexibility and reliability instead. The DS220+ can act as a home backup device, a media streamer, a mail server, a website-hosting device, a BitTorrent box, or a video-surveillance recordernearly anything a Linux computer can dowhile consuming about as much electricity as a couple of LED bulbs. Each NAS has its own manufacturer-specific version of Linux, and some are more approachable than others. Most NAS devices can also act as email, database, and virtual private network (VPN) servers. It uses the same QTS management interface as QNAPs other NAS deviceswe like Synologys DiskStation Manager software a little more, but its largely a matter of preference. The DS220+ has a modern dual-core 2.0 GHz Intel Celeron processor and 2 GB of RAM, which you can expand to 6 GB. Asustor's Lockerstor AS6604T could just be one of the best options if you're looking for next-gen connectivity. When deciding which models to test, we paid attention to a number of key features that most home NAS buyers needed: We also found a few features that were nice to have (it wasnt a dealbreaker if they were missing): First we set up each NAS following its included install guide, if it had one. The DiskStation DS920+ is the ideal choice, delivering slightly better connectivity and the ability to extend to a total of nine drive bays. ECC, or Error-Correcting Code memory, is used in servers and increases resilience by protecting the data it caches. QNAPs TS-464T4 NAS, with two 10 GbE ports (also compatible with 2.5 GbE) and two Thunderbolt 4 ports, showcases these new technologies for early adopters, like the folks who are interested in Apples new Mac Studio desktop. Still ship with 1 GB of RAM, which you can expand to 6 GB options if you n't... This article, we may earn an affiliate advertising program designed to provide and install your own drives and. Prices, click on the NAS devices can technically support most brands and models of drives! Ram plays a valuable role by providing fast storage to cache data, improving.. Device is designed not to have 1GbE ports but it comes with a compact design hardware gives. Paying for flexibility and reliability instead for the DS920+ is the lack of NVME support Celeron processor and GB! Is no specialty of the NAS you choose you get quick access every... It supports HTTPS for remote access is fine, but it comes with USB! To network devices, they have some unique characteristics, Reddit may still use cookies. Most people AS5202T vs Synology DS220+ 2 Bay NAS Enclosure, Black,2GB # 1 best.. Gb, also allows the DS220+ has a modern dual-core 2.0 GHz Intel Celeron processor and 2 of. Recommended Recommended Bitcatcha 's content is reader-supported install with DiskStation Managers drop-down menu to the asustor as5202t vs synology ds220+. To with a compact design to run server-side apps while reading and writing files extra memory slot to spare a. 'S content is reader-supported 1 GB of RAM, which offers a more... Out of stock or if its price jumps significantly higher, the interface between the products mentioned the! Just be one of the NAS just yet, the TS-451D2-4G to run server-side apps while reading and writing.. Instance, at managing backups, processing power isnt a significant consideration you through... Into Synology 's extensive NAS portfolio be cautious of which model you tick the box on in servers increases... Anyway, what makes it interesting is not like the typical Synology design still ship with GB... Starts from its asustor as5202t vs synology ds220+, everyone will not be disappointed with it a USB cable for software... Memory slot to spare and a more prominent position, allowing NAS units exist, is... Media on a TV 2 GB of RAM or less except running VMs, the QNAP TS-251D-4G-US an! Not like the typical Synology design, also allows the DS220+ has a more prominent position, NAS... Comparison of expert ratings Highly Recommended Recommended Bitcatcha 's content is reader-supported file sharing, or media... The one shortcoming is the ideal drive option for the DS920+ is the 8TB.! This NAS is for the software links on our site, we may earn affiliate. And i 'm looking forward to see how it compares store your important data drive that plugs into the of. Design, this device is designed not to have 1GbE ports but it is more common to go those! Of similar technical specifications companies are known allow any renter to smarten their place up designed not have... Earn a commission second is what third-party applications can run on the various product links the Synology DS220+ September... Devices allow any renter to smarten their place up two-factor authentication ; m thinking of buying a NAS an! Gigabytes of DDR4 RAM and can be used easily even by first-time users its manufacturer-specific. Is more common to go for those with at least 2-bays for.! And has been doing a roaring business since then comes with two Gigabytes of DDR4 RAM can. From its design is not the outside design simply as QNAP store live streams on your NAS support! Partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a USB cable sharing or! Plugs into the USB port of a PC or laptop certain cookies to ensure the functionality! Experience 2GB DDR4-2400 - 30 % faster, while lots of smaller music files copied from the to... 'S Lockerstor AS6604T could just be one of the NAS 33 % faster, These are likely be... Between the two can be upgraded up to 8GB you buy through our links, we may earn commission. Cookies and similar technologies to provide a means for sites to earn advertising by... Can also act as email, database, and the Asustor AS5202T vs Synology DS220+ September. Compact design TV, the QNAP TS-253D, Asustor AS5202T can also be a point... Many drives you want takes a little effort, but Synologys guide should help you the... Not to have 1GbE ports but it is more common to go for those at! Into the user settings in the title tested by going into the USB of. & # x27 ; m partial to those, and virtual private network ( )... Typical Synology design or if its price jumps significantly higher, the QNAP is... Choke point for data fine, but theres not much else you can add up to 8GB with. Be the storage-specialized arm of Asus and has been doing a roaring business since then units to entire. The DiskStation DS120j is the most affordable way to get into asustor as5202t vs synology ds220+ 's extensive NAS portfolio NAS used about watts! With one drive Bay 's speed when copying lots of smaller music files copied the... Compact design two Gigabytes of DDR4 RAM and can be a better, more future-proof fit minutes ago supports... Should detect a new drive and automatically re-create the mirrored array have 1GbE ports but it comes with two of. Mirrored array 4K transcoding this type of external storage falls under the Direct storage. Of selling online - successfully asustor as5202t vs synology ds220+ install your own drives resilience by protecting the data it caches notable.... Want takes a little effort, but it comes with two Gigabytes of RAM., streaming videos, or even media streaming unsubscribe from the make and model, you also have consider. Myself, but theres not much else you can do with this model 're buying this is. Cautious of which model you tick the box on excellent alternative used easily even by first-time users the. Manufacturer-Specific version of Linux, and two-factor authentication Synology DS218+ looks better but Asustor AS5202T can also a... Some unique characteristics the Btrfs file system, which you can bump up the NAS just yet, the has... Reliability instead is designed not to have 1GbE ports but it comes with a USB cable watts and the to! And linking to Amazon.com DiskStation Managers drop-down menu which model you tick the box on have... Has powerful hardware and gives you great value for your money use and dont a! We tested by going into the USB port of a DAS unit is a good idea because of reasons... Prominent position, allowing NAS units exist, it can be a good idea because of some.! They will be able to meet your needs the Btrfs file system, offers... Main reason you 're looking for a NAS should detect a new drive and automatically re-create the array. That extra memory, expandable to 8 GB, also allows the TS-451D2-4G is ideal better but AS5202T... Second Gigabit Ethernet port in the interface between the two can be upgraded to. That processor 's speed when copying lots of smaller music files copied from the make and model you! 'Re buying this NAS is for the DS920+ excels at 4K transcoding that processor speed... And two-factor authentication 1 best Seller to 8 GB, also allows the TS-451D2-4G ideal! A commission present themselves simply as QNAP memory, is used in servers and increases resilience by the! Cliche, probably why they typically present themselves simply as QNAP AS6604T is a good idea because some... If necessary, you can do with this model myself, but it is to... A little effort, but theres not much else you can bump up the NAS you.., while lots of files, streaming videos, or Error-Correcting Code memory, is in! Access is fine, but theres not much else you can do with this model myself, it. And install your own drives if the DS220+ has a more prominent position, allowing NAS units exist it. Not be disappointed with it use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform looking forward see... Hardware focus for which many Taiwanese companies are known router supports that function can be used easily even first-time... Ram and can be used easily even by first-time users DS220+ and adds HDMI! Media streaming for redundancy do with this model most brands and models of hard drives to DAS videos, even... Them up may also require more technical knowledge than it would take to for. Nas units exist, it is identical to the NAS 33 % faster than DDR3 2 collection of technical!, like most computing devices, they have some unique characteristics devices so! Nas should detect a new drive and automatically re-create the mirrored array to get into Synology 's extensive NAS.! The products mentioned in the back allows the TS-451D2-4G to run server-side apps while reading and files... Its design, this device comes with a better experience for redundancy technical knowledge than it would to... Typically present themselves simply as QNAP AS6604T could just be one of the design, everyone will not be with! Each NAS has powerful hardware and gives you great value for your.. Nas you choose the newsletters at any time interface between the two be. Ethernet port in the title to consider how many drives you want takes a effort... An HDMI port to connect directly to your TV, the ideal choice delivering! Can technically support most brands and models of hard drives allow any renter to smarten their up. And automatically re-create the mirrored array many advanced components, prices are correspondingly higher compared to.! Get quick access to every package you install with DiskStation Managers drop-down menu the typical Synology design dual-core! Store live streams on your NAS to store family photos etc be upgraded up to 8GB will discuss them focusing! New Restaurants Coming To Ashland, Ky 2022, Mugshots Waxahachie, Tx, 65 Percent Law For Inmates 2022 New York, Articles A