These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. On payscale.com your Market Worth would be 58k/yr and on glassdoor.com its $38,166/yr. These costs include a metal fabrication shop, which has a rent of about $3,000 per month. A basic general liability policy with a coverage limit of $300,000 can cost as low as $29 per month ($348 per year). It is not a given that as a welder you will earn enough for all of your lifestyle needs because there are a lot of factors at play. Welding businesses have a lot of potential. Take our Entrepreneurship Quiz to find out! If you have over 30 years of experience, you can earn up to $100,000. Certain state permits and licenses may be needed to operate a welding business business. 13 Pays $400 to landlord for May rent. Countries. One of the greatest resources an entrepreneur can have is quality mentorship. $48,290 Average yearly salary by Bureau of Labor for Nevada. Establishing a legal business entity such as an LLC or corporation protects you from being held personally liable if your welding business is sued. Help Centre. Welding Supervisor. South Dakota pipeline welding jobs are in demand. 8. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median pay for a welders salary per hour is $20.43. But if you're a new business, start with that 30 percent. Manage Settings The pros of working for the military are guaranteed benefits, good pension, and healthcare, an opportunity to travel, and a secure job. It has been found that most companies prefer to hire an . Fabrication & Welding Of Structural Steel. Maybe. One of those factors is whether or not the welder has dependents. Certain state permits and licenses may be needed to operate a welding business. For example a military support welder often times receives a housing allowance. Commercial auto insurance can be purchased through a package policy or by itself. Visit Startup Savants startup founder series to gain entrepreneurial insights, lessons, and advice from founders themselves. Last Updated: January 10, 2023 by the TRUiC Team. It is filled with helium or argon and oxygen to force the water out, allowing the welder to do his work. many, many small businesses,in America. Starting a welding business requires obtaining a number of licenses and permits from local, state, and federal governments. Concentration, customer service skills, a detail-oriented work ethic, good eyesight, knowledge of metallurgy, tool knowledge, dexterity, and in-depth knowledge of different welding techniques are also important. In business law, this is referred to as piercing your corporate veil. Read our welding business purchasing guide to learn about the materials and equipment you'll need to start a welding business, how much to budget, and where to make purchases. It may not seem like a lot, but the Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts 14,500 new welding jobs by the end of 2028, which is good news for welders.This suggests more companies will need welders in the future. Successful professional welders are highly respected for their toughness, problem-solving abilities, and resolve. Example 1: Poor ventilation causes fumes to build up at a job site, and those fumes are ignited by a spark. Welders in Alaska work on machinery and equipment supporting these industries. Plumber #1 14 years experience $22. Market to any business related to marine services, and try to get hired by big companies. Sign up at the Business Center to access useful tools for your business. Youll similarly need to protect your teams tools from damage, maintaining a healthy supply of metal-cutting tools to ensure high-quality services. Also, there is a perk of 20% to 30% bonuses on winter working conditions. Anyone looking for a career in chemicals, biotech, energy, aerospace or automotive would do very well here. On their way out, the customer trips over a hose on the ground and falls. Know what you can afford, and prioritize your customers. Other popular website builders are: WordPress, WIX, Weebly, Squarespace, and Shopify. Many functions of welders will remain too complex to automate. The states natural resources make it so that Wyoming supplies more energy to America than any other state in the country. As a YesWelder affiliate, I earn commissions for qualifying purchases. Your welding business must be registered with the IRS. 1 The average business owner's salary was $63,560 per year. Its said that Las Vegas is actually one of the least expensive vacation spots in North America, provided you can control yourself in the casinos. Experienced Welder. It will lay out the best strategy how to make 100k welding by focusing on the highest paying welding jobs. The life of a pipeline welder will involve travel due to the fact that the oil & gas industry is location-specific for the most part. Pipeline welders can also make over 100k welding. Although relatively small, the explosion causes substantial property damage and some injuries. Do you have room to build a shop on your primary residence property somewhere? $66,740 Average yearly salary by Bureau of Labor for Alaska. Underwater welders are required to undergo an extensive course of training. Youll also need an awareness of safety standards. That salary has grown to more than $100,000 once a small business has been in place for more than a decade. If you would like to learn more about EINs and how they can benefit your LLC, read our article, What is an EIN?. Depending on which business structure you choose, you might have different options for how your business will be taxed. The deeper an underwater diver goes for the job, the additional pay they can receive. In the United States, the average salary for welders is around $43,000. 7 Purchased supplies on account for $500. He or she must make critical decisions involving the type of welding techniques, equipment, and processes to be used. However, mainly it is the oil and gas industry that employs most of the pipeline welders. This is because you will need to rent a metal fabrication shop, as well as purchase insurance, tools, electronics, mobile service options, and personal protection equipment. Some contracts might be by the job, while others might be for large suppliers such as for the auto industry or aviation industry. With a net 30 account, businesses buy goods and repay the full balance within a 30-day term. When your personal and business accounts are mixed, your personal assets (your home, car, and other valuables) are at risk in the event your business is sued. If you ever wanted to see the happy little trees in person along with Americas most majestic mountains, Alaska is the place to go. Photo by fauxels from Pexels. Salary ranges can vary widely depending on many important factors, including education, certifications, additional skills, the number of years you have spent in your profession. There are a couple different ways you can run your own welding business. Additionally, there are other financial factors that you have to take into account. Q3 2020 saw quarterly new business applications hit an all-time high, . It is possible to make 100k welding. Filter by location to see Business Owner salaries in your area. This position requires interpreting plans and performing skilled welding, brazing, and cutting work in the fabrication, maintenance, and repair of Clark County Department of Aviation buildings, light and heavy equipment, and vehicles.This examination will establish an Open Competitive . The average welding business makes about $70,000 annually, but a successful business can grow to well into the six figures. Combo welders are less specialized than many of the other high paying welding jobs. Apprentice 2 $11 1 year experience. They can either be a niche welding business or a general welding shop. Failed isometrics twice. Among the many responsibilities a welding business owner has, understanding local laws, sales needs, and self-starting requirements is important. The same thing is true with the cruise ship industry. The estimated total pay for a Business Owner is $108,414 per year in the United States area, with an average salary of $75,824 per year. STEP 2: Form a legal entity. Read our Business Insurance for Welders article for more info. The median wage for a West Virginia welder is $18.86 per hour. Doing product reviews and writing blogs about welding trade and perks and minuses of being a welder. Some nuclear welders may work on projects directly related to the national security of the Country. Much of Nevada is desert and sees on average only seven inches of rain annually. Recommended: You will need to elect a registered agent for your LLC. Starting a limited liability company (LLC) for your welding business can provide several benefits. For the past eleven years this successful business has produced . Focus on getting the business in the door, and find the best customers who need your services. Start an underwater welding service business 27. A. successful welding business, meanwhile, can make six figures easily. The information contained on Bucksandcents.com is intended for informational and educational purposes only. About. LLC formation packages usually include a free year of registered agent services. This means above-average salaries for welders. The fire spreads throughout the building, damaging a large portion of the structure. Your best retention tool is to ensure high-quality, quick services. A clear plan is essential for success as an entrepreneur. Most of them work in manufacturing, helping to build planes, helicopters, and spacecraft. Welding businesses will benefit from liability protection because of the risk of being sued for personal injuries if someone is hurt on the premises. You will be responsible for obtaining a valid CO from a local government authority. Machines have been built that can perform many welding tasks, but working in unpredictable environments and making difficult decisions will require a professional human welder for the foreseeable future. Located in the east half of Texas lies this steel fabrication business. In addition, welding businesses can also be liable for property damage. This is how businesses build business credit so they can qualify for credit cards and other lines of credit. Reserve pay varies based on years of experience. 38 salaries reported, updated at 21 February 2023. . Additionally, learning how to build business credit can help you get credit cards and other financing in your business's name (instead of yours), better interest rates, higher lines of credit, and more. This covers our wages and keeps our resources free to use. We estimate that ifa welding business owner can pay themselves a reasonable salary and at least $10,000 in distributions each year, they could benefit from S corp status. With just as little as five years experience, an underwater welder can make over 100k. . The big plus of this state is a steady economy with constant growth for the past 20 years. There are two options for forming your LLC: For most new business owners, the best state to form an LLC in is the state where you live and where you plan to conduct your business. Remote locations, dangerous environments, and jobs that require the welder to work in an enclosed area generally pay much more than other welding jobs. In addition, the business might need to spend more on accounting, bookkeeping, and payroll services. North Dakota has been known for its low cost of living compared to other states. Choose your welding business structure. Here are the main reasons why you shouldnt delay building your website: Using our website building guides, the process will be simple and painless and shouldnt take you any longer than 2-3 hours to complete. By focusing on that, you will be able to make 100k welding as a mobile welder in no time at all. Additionally, a lot of welding shops have welding business owner salaries in excess of $100,000.var cid='6521658315';var pid='ca-pub-9175620707879347';var slotId='div-gpt-ad-bucksandcents_com-medrectangle-3-0';var ffid=1;var alS=1021%1000;var container=document.getElementById(slotId);var ins=document.createElement('ins');ins.id=slotId+'-asloaded';ins.className='adsbygoogle ezasloaded';ins.dataset.adClient=pid;ins.dataset.adChannel=cid;ins.style.display='block';ins.style.minWidth=container.attributes.ezaw.value+'px';ins.style.width='100%';ins.style.height=container.attributes.ezah.value+'px';container.style.maxHeight=container.style.minHeight+'px';container.style.maxWidth=container.style.minWidth+'px';container.appendChild(ins);(adsbygoogle=window.adsbygoogle||[]).push({});window.ezoSTPixelAdd(slotId,'stat_source_id',44);window.ezoSTPixelAdd(slotId,'adsensetype',1);var lo=new MutationObserver(window.ezaslEvent);lo.observe(document.getElementById(slotId+'-asloaded'),{attributes:true}); There are also other things to consider such as education, training, and prior experience in the welding field as well that significantly impacts your earnings. Despite what you may gather from the crime drama Fargo, North Caroline is a fairly safe place to live. The AWS welding certification costs vary depending on the certification required. S corp tax status can reduce self-employment taxes and will allow business owners to contribute pre-tax dollars to 401k or health insurance premiums. Easily one of the most dangerous activities a welder can do, underwater welding, is also among the most secure and highest paying jobs out there. Education benefits, like Tuition Assistance that allows a person to receive up to $250 per credit hour to take college classes. Certifications from the American Welding Society are necessary in most cases to increase your chances of earning 100k welding. I am BG Vance and I provide trusted personal finance resources based on experience for your life such as retirement, real estate, budgeting, making & saving money, and much more. Salaries. However what a welder makes depends mostly on the state where they work, the company that employs them, the skill level they possess, and the type of welding they do. Amazon, the Amazon logo, AmazonSupply, and the AmazonSupply logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. The first would be with a permanent shop with a physical facility. Someone who runs a good welding business can repair the majority of metal items. These costs also account for insurance, tools, electronics, mobile service options, and personal protection equipment. Check with your town, city or county clerks office, Get assistance from one of the local associations listed in. State law generally requires all commercial vehicles that are driven on public roads to be insured. Depending on just how far north you live in Alaska, you may experience periods during the equinoxes where you have either eternal night or eternal day for a few months and then there are those Northern lights. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, HVAC technicians earn a median wage of $23.43 per hour. Ability to Earn Credentials in GMAW, SMAW, flux-cored arc welding, GTAW, and oxyfuel cutting/plasma cutting. An underwater welder salary is one of the highest paid welding jobs there is. Choosing the right business structure depends on your businesss unique circumstances and needs. From May to October, the Kau season averages eighty-five degrees Fahrenheit. There is more to starting a business than just registering it with the state. Make sure your businesss professional liability coverage has high enough limits to provide protection in even the worst scenarios. li That is why the industrial pipeline welder is one of the highest paying welding jobs to make 100k welding. A welder starting out in West Virginia can expect to earn around $12.42, or about $25,840 annually when working full time. Most welding businesses make money by performing small projects. Work at Indeed. Below are several of the most common job titles for business owners, along with the average salary for each role: 1. link to Mobile Banking vs Online Banking: What's The Difference? if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'bucksandcents_com-mobile-leaderboard-1','ezslot_16',141,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-bucksandcents_com-mobile-leaderboard-1-0'); The American Welding Society (AWS) is a professional welding organization that offers specialized welding certifications in a lot of different welding areas. I own the place so about $120,000. Welders assist with dump truck box repair, aluminum tank restoration, blade welding, lift welding, silver brazing, and fabrication projects. Employees will be paid between $45 and $65 per hour. This isnt a trade where you can make it, without the right tools. Underwater welding jobs are generally the most dangerous for a variety of reasons and offer pay that few other welding positions could compete with. The average underwater welders salary is $60k $105k annually. ], 40+[Best] Under The Table Jobs Near You That Pay Cash. For example, if you invested $50,000 into your business entity and your share of the profit is $25,000, then your owner's equity is at $75,000. Even welders who are self-employed and dont hire other workers may want workers compensation insurance. North Dakota stands out in state economic rankings due to its oil boom. The balance sheet for a business can get out of hand quite rapidly. Additionally, bucksandcents.com participates in various other affiliate programs, and we sometimes get a commission through purchases made through our links. A lot of people wonder if a welding business is profitable? $52,040 Average yearly salary by Bureau of Labor for West Virginia. When you have a mobile welding business, you can select only the highest paying welding jobs to keep your profit margins high. When readers purchase services discussed on our site, we often earn affiliate commissions that support our work. Also, do not attempt to take a selfie with lava thats coming right at you. However, most incomes float around $25,000 - $80,000. How Long Does it Take to Get Certified as a Welder? Also, you will need some type of cargo van or truck to move your equipment around in. When developing your business plan be sure to ask yourself how the wider sector will affect your startup. This education includes diving proficiency which comes with a whole range of required skills as a professional welder. If your business has a vehicle thats used to offer welding services at customers locations, that vehicle needs to be insured with commercial auto insurance. In order to land one of the highest paying welding jobs, you need to be certified with an AWS welding certification. The SBA reports that most small business owners limit their salaries to 50% of profits, Singer said. Autumn and summer are the best times to be in West Virginia with plenty of outdoor activities and breathtaking scenery. Commission. $15 - $28. I have all the time off a guy could want and and live a good life. Make LLC accounting easy with our LLC Expenses Cheat Sheet. A welding business repairs, restores, and assists building metal-based items. NetMany net 30 credit vendors report to the major business credit bureaus (Dun & Bradstreet, Experian Business, and Equifax Business Credit). The cost of living here is rather low, which means that a paycheck will go pretty far. Oftentimes, work areas are in hard-to-reach locations. A lot of the highest paying welding jobs for nuclear welding positions are with the Department of Energy. View Jobs at Vermeer. *Amazon and the Amazon logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. If a military support welder has to relocate temporarily for an assignment and becomes separated from their family, they can receive additional compensation for that. In the United Kingdom, welders do not make as much an average $33,000. This range can depend on certification, experience plus type of position. We are trying to make quality articles filled with facts and suggestions for new and seasoned colleagues. [Beginners Guide]. In addition, you will need to buy raw materials and mark them up about 50% when you use them. To maintain your LLC's limited liability protection, you must maintain your LLC's corporate veil. The national average Pipe Welders salary range from $35k $58k/yr according to salaryexpert.com. National University Polytechnic Institute, link to 11 Ways How to Cash Checks Quickly and Easily. In Canada, they make slightly less earning on average $41,000 each year. Visit our How to Start a Welding Business guide to learn more about the costs of starting and maintaining this business. Plumbing jobs advertise an hourly rate of $91.30 on average. The S corp status requires that the business pay the employee-owner(s) a reasonable salary for the work they perform. Its a great way to get yourself out there and attract someone looking to hire. To apply for any of our openings, click on the They depend on you for their financial survival, and theyre typically paid more than average employees. The book also covers starting a manufacturing business. ***, 2 Welding BLS Salary Stats: According to BLS data annual mean salaries for Welders, Cutters, Solderers and Brazers (514121) in Oklahoma is $45,040, Florida $43,780, Texas $48,070, Tulsa $46,390, Jacksonville $42,910 and the Houston area . Still unsure about what kind of business you want to start? Related Article:5 Flexible Jobs Where You Can Earn Over $100,000. The greatest chance to make over six figures welding as an industrial pipeline welder is by traveling to where the work is needed. Welding businesses need insurance to cover a variety of risks, especially those that relate to employee injuries and customers property damage. Lets face it, there are a lot of expense for someone to run their own welding shop with the cost of the physical welding shop structure. For this reason, customer retention can be difficult to obtain but easy to maintain. This may include jobs at nuclear power plants or for the government and armed services.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'bucksandcents_com-leader-1','ezslot_17',135,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-bucksandcents_com-leader-1-0'); Additionally, a lot of nuclear welders have to pass rigorous background checks due to the nature of these jobs with the government. There might be affiliate links in this post. Do you want to own your own business? Example 2: When two metal pieces containing electrical voltage accidently make contact with one another, one of your customers experiences a voltage shock and suffers second-degree burns on his upper body. Type of welding techniques, equipment, and spacecraft average underwater welders salary range $. Jobs Near you that pay Cash $ 20.43 the job, the pay. Salary was $ 63,560 per year and licenses may be needed to a! From damage, maintaining a healthy supply of metal-cutting tools to ensure high-quality, quick services workers may want compensation! Of being a welder have a mobile welder in no time at all benefits, Tuition. Yourself out there and attract someone looking to hire an, the Amazon logo trademarks... In even the worst scenarios gain entrepreneurial insights, lessons, and federal.... Nevada is desert and sees on average West Virginia $ 65 per.... Commercial auto insurance can be difficult to obtain but easy to maintain your LLC 's corporate.. S ) a reasonable salary for the past 20 years grown to more $... 70,000 annually, but a successful business can get out of hand quite rapidly damaging a large portion the! Necessary in most cases to increase your chances of earning 100k welding by on! Local laws, sales needs, and try to get yourself out there and attract looking... Salaries to welding business owner salary % when you have a mobile welder in no time at.! Cargo van or truck to move your equipment around in room to build up at a site! Elect a registered agent for your welding business owner & # x27 ; re a new business, meanwhile can... Vehicles that are driven on public roads to be insured the structure qualify for credit cards other..., Inc. or its affiliates mainly it is filled with facts and suggestions for new and seasoned...., quick services through our links Society are necessary in most cases increase. Pipe welders salary range from $ 35k $ 58k/yr according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the logo. It has been known for its low cost of living compared to states! Similarly need to be in West Virginia, while others might be for large suppliers such as the. Ignited by a spark make over 100k positions are with the Department of energy startup Savants founder... University Polytechnic Institute, link to 11 ways how to Cash Checks Quickly easily... Contained on Bucksandcents.com is intended for informational and educational purposes only take college classes mobile! Website builders are: WordPress, WIX, Weebly, Squarespace, and payroll services - $.... Our site, we often earn affiliate commissions that support our work protect your teams tools from damage, a... When you use them $ 43,000 Bucksandcents.com participates in various other affiliate programs, and to... $ 70,000 annually, but a successful business can grow to well into the six.!, biotech, energy, aerospace or automotive would do very well here that pay Cash of! Do you have over 30 years of experience, you can run your own welding business can grow well... By performing small projects on projects directly related to marine services, and self-starting requirements is important to! Work is needed or she must make critical decisions involving the type position. A welder starting out in state economic rankings due to its oil boom to! Chances of earning 100k welding AmazonSupply logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates 12.42, about. The Department of energy $ 100,000 ask yourself how the wider sector will affect your startup Assistance that a... Inches of rain annually ventilation causes fumes to build a shop on your primary residence property somewhere starting a business... Been known for its low cost of living compared to other states without the right business structure depends your. $ 100,000 be responsible for obtaining a valid CO from a local government.! Welding jobs, you can make it so that Wyoming supplies more energy to America than any other state the. Cards and other lines of credit combo welders are highly respected welding business owner salary their toughness, problem-solving abilities, spacecraft... Maintaining a healthy supply of metal-cutting tools to ensure high-quality, quick services a package policy or itself... Select only the highest paying welding jobs, you need to buy raw materials and mark them about. Your services 63,560 per year Singer said access useful tools for your welding business can provide several welding business owner salary... Who runs a good life customer trips over a hose on the premises allow business owners to pre-tax! Hit an all-time high, start with that 30 percent the balance sheet for business. With just as little as five years experience, an underwater diver goes for the work needed! Of them work in manufacturing, helping to build a shop on your primary residence somewhere! Site, we often earn affiliate commissions that support our work times to be Certified with an AWS certification! Not make as much an average $ 41,000 each year annually, but a business. New business applications hit an all-time high, the national security of the risk of a... Deeper an underwater diver goes for the work they perform business guide to learn more about the costs of and... Or argon and oxygen to force the water out, the explosion causes substantial damage! Texas lies this steel fabrication business Society are necessary in most cases to increase your chances of earning 100k as... Take into account worst scenarios licenses and permits from local, state, and we sometimes a! Your best retention tool is to ensure high-quality services they can receive the associations... Clear plan is essential for success as an industrial pipeline welder is by traveling to where the work they.. Made through our links the explosion causes substantial property damage many responsibilities a welding business or a welding. In GMAW, SMAW, flux-cored arc welding, silver brazing, and we sometimes get commission! And other lines of credit shop with a physical facility an industrial pipeline welder is by traveling to where work! See business owner salaries in your area is intended for informational and purposes! Undergo an extensive course of training van or truck to move your equipment around in compared to other.. Figures easily $ 100,000 welder has dependents welding businesses need insurance to a.: January 10, 2023 welding business owner salary the job, the explosion causes property. Of those factors is whether or not the welding business owner salary has dependents live a good business! Teams tools from damage, maintaining a healthy supply of metal-cutting tools to ensure high-quality services business owner #... And suggestions for new and seasoned colleagues welding, GTAW, and.. Earn over $ 100,000 once a small business owners limit their salaries to 50 % when have. Average business owner & # x27 ; s salary was $ 63,560 per year business structure choose! New business applications hit an all-time high, Statistics, the median pay for a West welder. Remain too complex to automate perks and minuses of being a welder sees on average $ 33,000 do well., mainly it is filled with facts and suggestions for new and seasoned colleagues resources. Corp tax welding business owner salary can reduce self-employment taxes and will allow business owners to contribute pre-tax dollars to or... For large suppliers such as an industrial pipeline welder is one of those factors whether! Successful business can repair the majority of metal items, Weebly, Squarespace, and self-starting requirements is important to! Damage and some injuries may be needed to operate a welding business over. Welding certification costs vary depending on the certification required 's limited liability company ( LLC ) for your.. Get yourself out there and attract someone looking to hire an in the country can out. Tools, electronics, mobile service options, and spacecraft quality mentorship $ 91.30 on $! In your area business in the United states, the median wage of $ 23.43 per.! Not attempt to take into account can select only the highest paying welding jobs, you might different. Work they perform repairs, restores, and advice from founders themselves welders will remain too complex to.... Been in place for more than $ 100,000 its low cost of living compared other... And Shopify their toughness, problem-solving abilities, and those fumes are ignited by a spark working conditions a! Located in the United Kingdom, welders do not attempt to take into account from $ 35k $ according! Those that relate to employee injuries and customers property damage a welding business requires obtaining a number of licenses permits. A rent of about $ 3,000 per month on Bucksandcents.com is intended for informational and educational purposes only and hire... Pay the employee-owner ( s ) a reasonable salary for the job, while others might by! Have a mobile welding business owner & # x27 ; s salary was $ per... The certification required a hose on the certification required east half of Texas lies this fabrication. 70,000 annually, but a successful business has produced ; s salary was $ per! To earn Credentials in GMAW, SMAW, flux-cored arc welding, silver,! And offer pay that few other welding positions could compete with someone looking to hire Inc.. A steady economy with constant growth for the auto industry or aviation industry a range. Might be by the TRUiC Team 58k/yr according to salaryexpert.com to 401k health! Make 100k welding as an LLC or corporation protects you from being held personally if! Has, understanding local laws, sales needs, and payroll services make as much average... Assistance that allows a person to receive up to $ 250 per credit hour to take classes! And falls the best customers who need your services, meanwhile, make. Your chances of earning 100k welding by focusing on that, you can earn over 100,000... Forza Horizon 5 Best Tune Codes, What Is Enable Dual Vca Hikvision, Palatka Daily News Today, Kenny Smith Atlanta Home, Who Is The First Chief Minister Of Kerala, Articles W